Chalukyas Of Vemulavada

HOME

TheInfoList

Click Here for Items Related To - Chalukyas Of Vemulavada

OR:

Chalukyas Of Vemulavada on: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Amazon]

Find spot Provenance (from the French ''provenir'', 'to come from/forth') is the chronology of the ownership, custody or location of a historical object. The term was originally mostly used in relation to works of art but is now used in similar senses i ...

s of inscriptions issued during the Vemulavada Chalukya rule" width="400" height="400" zoom="6" longitude="78.86" latitude="18.46"> The Chalukyas of Vemulavada were an Indian dynasty that ruled in and around the present-day

Telangana Telangana (; , ) is a state in India situated on the south-central stretch of the Indian peninsula on the high Deccan Plateau. It is the eleventh-largest state and the twelfth-most populated state in India with a geographical area of and 3 ...

between 7th and 10th centuries. Their capital was located at Vemulavada, and they were vassals of the Rashtrakutas.

History

The 966 CE Parabhani copper-plate inscription of king Arikesari III of Vemulavada claims that his dynasty descended from the Chalukyas of

solar dynasty The Solar dynasty ( IAST: Suryavaṃśa or Ravivaṃśa in Sanskrit) or the Ikshvaku dynasty was founded by the legendary king Ikshvaku.Geography of Rigvedic India, M.L. Bhargava, Lucknow 1964, pp. 15-18, 46-49, 92-98, 100-/1, 136 The dynasty is ...

. Not much is known about the early rulers of the dynasty. The Kollapur copper-plate inscription attributes several military victories to Vinayaditya alias Yuddhamalla I (not to be confused with the Badami Chalukya king Vinayaditya, also titled Yuddhamalla). These victories amount to the subjugation of almost the entire

Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...

, and therefore, appear to be gross exaggerations. It is possible that Vinayaditya was a feudatory of a powerful king, and participated in this king's military campaigns. This king could have been the Rashtrakuta ruler

Dantidurga Dantidurga (reigned 735–756 CE), also known as Dantivarman II was the founder of the Rashtrakuta Empire of Manyakheta. Reu (1933), p54 His capital was based in Gulbarga region of Karnataka. His successor was his uncle Krishna I who extended h ...

, who was a contemporary of Vinayaditya. The dynasty's original capital was at Podana (modern

Bodhan Bodhan town in Nizamabad district of the Indian state Telangana. Bodhan is primarily known for the Nizam Sugar Factory founded by a Nizam of Hyderabad, and some historical places such as The Chakreshwara Shiva Temple, The Renuka Temple, Bhee ...

), but was later moved to Vemulavada, probably during the reign of Vinayaditya's successor Arikesari I. According to the dynasty's inscription, Arikesari conquered

Vengi Vengi (or Venginadu) is a delta region spread over the Krishna and Godavari River, (also called Godavari and Krishna districts), the region is also known as Godavari Delta, that used to house world famous diamond mines in the Medieval period ...

and Trikalinga; this probably refers to his subjugation of the Vengi Chalukya king

Vishnuvardhana IV Vishnuvardhana IV was the tenth king of the Eastern Chalukyas, which ruled the region of Vengi. He reigned from 772 AD to 808 AD. He had martial ties with the imperial Rashtrakutas. The Rashtrakuta emperor Dhruva Dharavarsha gave his daughter, Si ...

on the orders of his Rashtrakuta overlord

Dhruva Dharavarsha Dhruva (ruled 780–793 CE) was one of the most notable rulers of the Rashtrakuta Empire. He ascended the throne after replacing his elder brother Govinda II. Govinda II had become unpopular among his subjects on account of his various miscondu ...

. Little is known about the next two rulers, Arikesari's son Narasimha I and grandson Yuddhamalla II.

Baddega I Baddega (r. c. 850–895 CE), who assumed the title ''Solada-gaṇḍa'', was an Indian ruler from the Vemulavada Chalukya dynasty. He was a vassal of the Rashtrakuta king Krishna II, and participated in Krishna's unsuccessful invasions of the ...

, the son of Yuddhamalla II, was a distinguished general, and assumed the title ''Solada-ganda'' ("the unvanquished hero"). He defeated the Vengi Chalukya king Bhima I. According to the Vemulavada court poets, Baddega's grandson Narasimha II subjugated the Latas, the seven

Malavas The Malavas (Brahmi script: 𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀭𑀯 ''Mmālava'') or Malwas were an ancient Indian tribe. Modern scholars identify them with the Mallian people (Malloi) who were settled in the Punjab region at the time of Alexander's invasion ...

, and the

Gurjara-Pratihara The Gurjara-Pratihara was a dynasty that ruled much of Northern India from the mid-8th to the 11th century. They ruled first at Ujjain and later at Kannauj. The Gurjara-Pratiharas were instrumental in containing Arab armies moving east of th ...

king

Mahipala Mahipala (or Mahipala I; ) was a notable king of the Pala dynasty, which ruled over much of the eastern regions of the Indian subcontinent between the 8th and 12th centuries. He was the son and successor of Vigrahapala II. Mahipala's reign mark ...

. He achieved these victories in the service of his Rashtrakuta overlord

Indra III Indra III (reigned 914–929 CE) was the grandson of Rashtrakuta Krishna II and son of Chedi princess Lakshmi. He became the ruler of the empire due to the early demise of his father Jagattunga.From the Sangli, Karhad, Deoli and Bagumra inscri ...

, in a campaign against the Gurjara-Pratiharas.

Arikesari II Arikesari II ( ) was a ruler of the Vemulavada Chalukya dynasty of present-day Telangana, India. A Rashtrakuta vassal, he played an important role in dethroning the Rashtrakuta emperor Govinda IV and enthroning Amoghavarsha III as the new empero ...

, the son of Narasimha II, married two Rashtrakuta princesses, including Lokambika and Revakanirmadi (the daughter of Indra III). His mother Jakavve was probably a sister of Indra III. Several military successes are attributed to him. The noted

Kannada Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native s ...

poet Pampa was a court poet of Arikesari II. His ''

Vikramarjuna Vijaya ''Vikramarjuna Vijaya'' (Kannada- ವಿಕ್ರಮಾರ್ಜುನ ವಿಜಯ) (''victory of the mighty Arjuna''), also known as Pampa Bharatha is a classic work of the 10th century Jain poet Pampa (902–975 AD). It is a Kannada version ...

'' is an important source of the dynasty's history. Arikesari had two sons: Vagaraja and Bhadradeva (alias Baddega-Narasinga; son of Lokambika), who were half-brothers. Vagaraja (r. c. 941-950) and Bhadradeva (r. c. 941-946) appear to have ruled simultaneously for a few years. Vagaraja, who is known to have been ruling in 959 CE, was a feudatory of the Rashtrakuta king Krishna III. He accompanied Krishna III in a military campaign to Melpadi in present-day Chittoor district, and nothing else is known about his reign. Vagaraja probably died without an heir, and was succeeded by Bhadradeva's son Arikesari III, who is attested by the 966 CE

Parbhani Parbhani (, IPA ) is a city in Maharashtra state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of Parbhani District. Parbhani is one of the largest cities in Marathwada region. Parbhani is around away from regional headquarters of Aurangaba ...

inscription. The subsequent history of the dynasty is unknown. It appears to have been overthrown by the

Chalukyas of Kalyani The Western Chalukya Empire ruled most of the western Deccan, South India, between the 10th and 12th centuries. This Kannadiga dynasty is sometimes called the ''Kalyani Chalukya'' after its regal capital at Kalyani, today's Basavakalyan in the ...

by the early 970s CE.

Cultural activities

commissioned the Baddegesvara temple at Vemulavada, which is identified with the modern Bheemesvara temple. During the reign of Arikesari II, his father Narasimha's officer ''tantrapala'' Peddanarya established a temple of the Sun god. His 10th-century inscription alludes to two other temples - Rajesvvara (possibly modern Kedaresvara temple) and Nagaresvara - which may have been commissioned by the Chalukyas of Vemulavada. Although the Chalukyas of Vemulavada patronized

Shaivism Shaivism (; sa, शैवसम्प्रदायः, Śaivasampradāyaḥ) is one of the major Hindu traditions, which worships Shiva as the Supreme Being. One of the largest Hindu denominations, it incorporates many sub-traditions rangi ...

, they also favoured

Jainism Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle bein ...

. Arikesari's Jain court poet Adikavi Pampa composed the

classic ''

''. Pampa's brother Jina-vallabha established a Jain shrine called Tri-bhuvana-tilaka-Jinalaya on the Bommalagutta hillock near Kurikyala village in modern

Karimnagar district Karimnagar district is one of the 33 districts of the Indian state of Telangana. Karimnagar city is its administrative headquarters. The district shares boundaries with Peddapalli, Jagityal, Sircilla, Siddipet, Jangaon, Hanamkonda district an ...

. Jina-vallabha's wife Bhagiyabbe installed a metal ''Chatur-vimshati-patta'' image of Jina, and also established a

Basadi A Jain temple, Derasar (Gujarati: દેરાસર) or Basadi (Kannada: ಬಸದಿ) is the place of worship for Jains, the followers of Jainism. Jain architecture is essentially restricted to temples and monasteries, and Jain buildings g ...

(Jain shrine) named after her. Baddega II commissioned at Jain temple at Repaka, and endowed it with land grants. He also commissioned the Shubha-dhama Jinalaya for the Jain poet

Somadeva Suri Somadeva Suri was a south Indian Jain monk of the 10th century CE ( fl. 959–66, possibly born in Bengal region about 920), author of a work known as "Upasakadyayana" "chapter on lay followers (''upasakas'')", a central work of Digambara ''shrav ...

, who migrated from the

Pratihara The Gurjara-Pratihara was a dynasty that ruled much of Northern India from the mid-8th to the 11th century. They ruled first at Ujjain and later at Kannauj. The Gurjara-Pratiharas were instrumental in containing Arab armies moving east of the ...

kingdom to the Chalukya kingdom during his reign. He also granted a village to Somadeva for the maintenance of this shrine. In the year 959, Somadeva composed '' Yashodhara-charita'' (or ''Yashas-tilaka-champu'') at Gangadhara in the Chalukya kingdom.

Rulers

Following is a list of the Vemulavada Chalukya rulers, with estimated periods of their reign: * Satyashraya (c. 650-675 CE) * Prithvipathi (c. 675-700 CE) * Maharaja (c. 700-725 CE) * Rajaditya (c. 725-750 CE) * Vinayaditya alias Yuddhamalla I (c. 750-755 CE) * Arikesari I (c. 775-800 CE) * Narasimha I (c. 800-825 CE) * Yuddhamalla II (c. 825-850 CE) *

alias ''Solada-ganda'' (c. 850-895 CE) * Yuddhamalla III (c. 895-915 CE) * Narasimha II (c. 915-930 CE) *

(c. 930-941 CE) * Vagaraja (c. 941-950 CE); Bhadradeva or Baddega-Narasinga alias Baddega II (c. 941-946 CE) * Arikesari III (c. 946-968 CE)

History

Cultural activities

Rulers

Inscriptions

References

Bibliography